FatwaFederal TerritoriesEthics, Remembrance & Supplication
AL-KAFI #1112: HUKUM BERNAZAR DALAM HATI TANPA DILAFAZKAN
Is a vow that is only intended in the heart, without being spoken aloud, obligatory to fulfil?
Short answer
A vow becomes valid and obligatory only when it is uttered verbally.
A reference, not a fatwa. First sentence of the summary below — read the original fatwa and consult your state authority before acting.
- Authority
- Federal Territories Mufti Office
- Date
- Status
- Opinion (irsyad)
- Series
- Al-Kafi li al-Fatawi
- Topic
- Ethics, Remembrance & Supplication
No evidence of gazettement in the source — this is not a gazetted fatwa.
Summary
A vow becomes valid and obligatory only when it is uttered verbally. The fatwa prefers the Shafi'i and Hanbali position that a mere intention or thought in the heart does not count as a vow, unlike the Maliki view that treats intention as a vow. This preference rests on the hadith that Allah forgives the whispers of the heart among the Prophet's community as long as they are not acted upon or spoken. A person who only intended in the heart to hold a feast is therefore not bound by a vow.
Written in our own words from the original fatwa — check the source before acting on it.
Kesimpulannya, nazar hanya diambil kira dan wajib ditunaikan sekiranya ia dilafazkan dengan lisan. Adapun jika sekadar niat atau lintasan dalam hati, maka ia tidak dikira sebagai nazar.
Read the full fatwa on the Federal Territories website (new tab)
How to cite
Cite the original fatwa and its authority. Rujuk Fatwa is only where you found it.
Federal Territories Mufti Office. “AL-KAFI #1112: HUKUM BERNAZAR DALAM HATI TANPA DILAFAZKAN”, 18 February 2019. https://muftiwp.gov.my/ms/artikel/al-kafi-li-al-fatawi/3128-al-kafi-1112-hukum-bernazar-dalam-hati-tanpa-dilafazkan. Found via Rujuk Fatwa: https://rujukfatwa.com/en/fatwa/ruling-on-vow-made-in-heart-without-utterance/