Did the Prophet teach any supplications for warding off an epidemic such as Ebola?

Summary

There is no supplication specific to Ebola, but several prophetic supplications seek protection from calamity and harmful diseases, and the Ebola outbreak falls under such harmful illnesses. These include the supplication invoking the name of Allah by which nothing can harm, seeking refuge in Allah's perfect words, asking for well-being in this world and the hereafter, and seeking refuge from leprosy, insanity and evil diseases. One may also supplicate in other words and in languages other than Arabic, although the best supplications are those from Allah and the Prophet. The etiquette and conditions of supplication should be observed.

Written in our own words from the original fatwa — check the source before acting on it.