Is a marriage valid if conducted through a state judge (wali hakim) while the nearest guardian is still alive in another place and a more distant guardian lives nearby?

Summary

A guardian is a pillar of the marriage contract, and a woman may not marry herself off. A wali hakim is permitted only for specific reasons, such as the guardian refusing without valid cause, no lineage guardian being available, the nearest guardian lacking the conditions, being more than two marhalah away, or being in a state of ihram. If the nearest guardian is less than two marhalah away, the judge may not conduct the marriage without the guardian's permission, and a more distant guardian cannot replace the nearest one who still holds the right.

Written in our own words from the original fatwa — check the source before acting on it.