FatwaFederal TerritoriesMarriage & Family
AL-KAFI #589: HUKUM BERDUAAN DI DALAM KENDERAAN BERSAMA PEMANDU BUKAN MAHRAM
What is the ruling on riding in a taxi or e-hailing service such as Uber while alone with a non-mahram driver of the opposite sex?
Short answer
In principle, a man and a woman who are not mahram may not be alone together, and this includes vehicles such as taxis, Uber or GrabCar.
A reference, not a fatwa. First sentence of the summary below — read the original fatwa and consult your state authority before acting.
- Authority
- Federal Territories Mufti Office
- Date
- Status
- Opinion (irsyad)
- Series
- Al-Kafi li al-Fatawi
- Topic
- Marriage & Family
No evidence of gazettement in the source — this is not a gazetted fatwa.
Summary
In principle, a man and a woman who are not mahram may not be alone together, and this includes vehicles such as taxis, Uber or GrabCar. However, for the case of a driver and passenger, this fatwa holds that being alone in the vehicle is permissible when certain criteria are met. These include the passenger sitting in the back seat, avoiding conversation beyond what is necessary, and the driver taking routes that are not deserted so as to be safe from suspicion. Drivers and customers are encouraged to avoid the situation where possible, for example a customer may cancel a booking if the driver is of the opposite sex.
Written in our own words from the original fatwa — check the source before acting on it.
Maka kami berpendapat tidak mengapa di dalam kes ini untuk pemandu berdua-duaan bersama penumpang berlainan jantina di dalam kenderaan.
Read the full fatwa on the Federal Territories website (new tab)
How to cite
Cite the original fatwa and its authority. Rujuk Fatwa is only where you found it.
Federal Territories Mufti Office. “AL-KAFI #589: HUKUM BERDUAAN DI DALAM KENDERAAN BERSAMA PEMANDU BUKAN MAHRAM”, 20 March 2017. https://muftiwp.gov.my/ms/artikel/al-kafi-li-al-fatawi/921-al-kafi-589-hukum-berduaan-di-dalam-kenderaan-bersama-pemandu-bukan-mahram. Found via Rujuk Fatwa: https://rujukfatwa.com/en/fatwa/ruling-alone-with-non-mahram-driver/