Who are the gharimin zakat recipients and what conditions apply for them to receive assistance?

Summary

The Selangor fatwa defines gharimin, following Shafi'i and Hanbali scholars, as those in debt, whether for themselves or for others. Applicants must have no wealth beyond basic needs, have incurred the debt for lawful matters, need to settle it urgently, and face harm to themselves and their families if it is unpaid. Debts for basic needs such as health, primary and secondary education, food, temporary shelter and upholding religion are assisted directly regardless of amount. Other debts are assisted as Qardhul Hasan and the recipient must undergo a rehabilitation period.

Written in our own words from the original fatwa — check the source before acting on it.